Arthritis is a common condition that can affect various parts of the body, including the hands. This condition occurs when the cartilage within the joints of the hand deteriorates over time, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced function. Arthritis can affect several different areas, including the fingers, thumb, and wrist. For many patients, hand arthritis can have a significant impact on daily activities, making simple tasks like gripping objects or writing more challenging and painful. At OrthoGeorgia, we specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis of the hand, offering both nonsurgical and surgical options to improve quality of life. We are proud to be one of the first subspecialty hand practices in the southeastern U.S. – learn more about the hand arthritis care we provide in Central GA below.
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What are the Symptoms and Types of Hand Arthritis?
There are several types of arthritis that can affect the hand. These include:
Osteoarthritis: Often referred to as “wear and tear” arthritis, osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints gradually breaks down. This condition often affects the base of the thumb and the ends and middle joints of the fingers.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: An autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and deformity.
Psoriatic Arthritis: Associated with psoriasis, this condition can cause inflammation in the joints and tendons of the hand.
Post-Traumatic Arthritis: This type of arthritis develops after an injury to the hand, such as a fracture or dislocation, which damages the cartilage and leads to arthritis over time.
Symptoms of hand arthritis can vary depending on the type and severity. Most patients experience pain and discomfort that may worsen with activity and improve with rest, particularly in the early stages. Over time, pain may become constant. Inflammation in the joints can lead to visible swelling around the affected areas, along with stiffness that worsens in the morning or after periods of inactivity. Patients with arthritis of the hand may also experience a weakened or reduced grip strength, making it harder to hold or carry objects, as well as reduced range of motion in the hands and fingers. In advanced cases, arthritis may cause visible changes to the shape of the joints. If you notice persistent symptoms that interfere with your daily activities, it is important to seek care from an orthopedic hand specialist in order to prevent further joint damage.
How is Arthritis of the Hand Diagnosed?
Diagnosing arthritis of the hand usually involves the combination of a medical history review, physical examination, and imaging tests. Early diagnosis is essential for managing symptoms effectively and preventing further joint damage. At OrthoGeorgia, our specialists use advanced diagnostic tools to determine the type and severity of arthritis. When you visit our office with symptoms of arthritis in the hand, the following steps will be taken:
Review of Medical History: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, including their duration, severity, and any factors that worsen or improve the pain. They will also ask about any past hand injuries that could be contributing to your symptoms.
Physical Examination: A thorough examination of the hand will help your doctor assess swelling, tenderness, deformities, and range of motion.
X-Rays: Imaging studies like X-rays are used to detect changes in the joints, such as loss of cartilage, bone spurs, or joint space narrowing.
Lab Tests: If inflammatory (rheumatoid or psoriatic) arthritis is suspected, blood tests may be ordered to check for markers of inflammation or specific antibodies.
Treatment for Hand Arthritis in Central GA
At OrthoGeorgia, we offer comprehensive treatment plans catered to each patient’s individual needs, symptoms, and recovery goals. Treatment for hand arthritis usually focuses on relieving pain, improving joint function, and maintaining range of motion.
Nonsurgical Arthritis Treatment
For many patients, nonsurgical approaches can effectively manage the symptoms of hand arthritis. Your doctor will discuss your options with you before considering surgery. Conservative treatment methods for hand arthritis include:
Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation in the hand. In some cases, prescription medications may be necessary for inflammatory arthritis.
Splinting or Bracing: Wearing a splint can help stabilize the affected joints, reducing pain and preventing further strain.
Physical or Occupational Therapy: Exercises designed to strengthen the hand muscles, improve flexibility, and maintain range of motion can be highly beneficial. Occupational therapy can also teach you how to perform daily tasks more comfortably.
Corticosteroid Injections: Injections of corticosteroids directly into the affected joint can provide temporary relief from inflammation and pain.
Topical Treatments: Creams or gels containing NSAIDs or capsaicin can be applied to the skin over the painful joints for temporary relief.
Surgery for Arthritis of the Hand
If nonsurgical treatments are not effective, or if arthritis in the hand significantly affects your quality of life, surgery may be recommended. At OrthoGeorgia, our skilled surgeons regularly perform various procedures to restore function and alleviate pain. Your care team will work with you to determine the best course of action based on your needs and lifestyle. Surgical options for hand arthritis include:
Joint Fusion (Arthrodesis): This procedureinvolves fusing the bones in the affected joint together in order to eliminate pain. It is often performed on smaller joints in the fingers.
Joint Replacement (Arthroplasty): During this procedure, the damaged joint is replaced with an artificial implant. This surgery is usually performed at the base of the thumb or for larger joints in the hand.
Tendon Transfer: If arthritis has caused severe damage to the tendons, a tendon transfer procedure may help restore function.
Synovectomy: For inflammatory arthritis, removing the inflamed lining of the joint (synovium) can reduce pain and improve mobility.
Other Hand and Upper Extremity Conditions We Treat at OrthoGeorgia
At OrthoGeorgia, we are dedicated to delivering comprehensive, personalized care for all orthopedic hand and upper extremity conditions. Whether you’re dealing with arthritis symptoms or have recently suffered a wrist sprain, our team is here to help restore function and enhance your quality of life. At our offices in Central GA, we diagnose and treat a broad spectrum of hand and upper extremity conditions and injuries, including:
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