Ulnar nerve entrapment, also known as cubital tunnel syndrome, occurs when the ulnar nerve becomes compressed or irritated as it passes through the cubital tunnel, a narrow passageway on the inside of the elbow. The ulnar nerve plays an important role in controlling the muscles in the hand and providing sensation to the ring and pinky fingers. This condition can result from prolonged pressure, repetitive elbow movements, or elbow injuries and may interfere with the nerve’s ability to effectively transmit signals.
The cubital tunnel is a vulnerable area due to its limited soft tissue protection and the close proximity of the ulnar nerve to the surface of the skin. Any activities or conditions that increase pressure on this nerve can lead to symptoms, ranging from mild discomfort to significant functional impairment in the affected arm and hand. Our hand specialists at OrthoGeorgia provide comprehensive care for ulnar nerve entrapment and other hand and upper extremity conditions, helping restore hand function and improving quality of life for our patients in Central GA.
What are the Symptoms of Ulnar Nerve Entrapment?
Symptoms of ulnar nerve entrapment can vary in severity depending on the extent of nerve compression. Common symptoms of this condition include:
Weakness in the Hand: Difficulty grasping or holding objects due to weakened muscles in the hand, along with reduced coordination during tasks like buttoning a shirt or typing.
Numbness and Tingling: A “pins and needles” sensation, particularly in the ring and pinky fingers. These sensations may occur when the elbow is bent, like during phone use or while sleeping.
Pain in the Elbow and Arm: Discomfort or aching along the inside of the elbow, which may radiate down the forearm.
Claw-like Deformity: In severe cases, prolonged nerve compression can lead to muscle atrophy and a claw-like deformity in the affected hand.
If left untreated, ulnar nerve entrapment can cause permanent nerve damage, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.
How is Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Diagnosed?
Diagnosing cubital tunnel syndrome involves a thorough medical evaluation. Our hand and upper extremity specialists will work with you to determine the cause of your symptoms and then create a personalized treatment plan. Early and accurate diagnosis allows for catered treatment strategies that address the underlying cause of nerve compression. The diagnostic process at OrthoGeorgia generally includes:
Medical History and Symptom Review: Your doctor will ask about the nature, duration, and trigger of your symptoms, as well as any history of trauma or repetitive elbow movements.
Physical Examination: A hands-on assessment will test strength and sensation in your hand and arm. Your doctor may perform Tinel’s test, where light tapping over the ulnar nerve at the elbow elicits tingling or discomfort.
Nerve Conduction Studies and Electromyography (EMG): These tests measure the electrical activity of the ulnar nerve and can identify areas of compression or damage.
Imaging Tests: An X-ray or MRI may be ordered to rule out bone abnormalities, arthritis, or masses contributing to your symptoms.
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment Treatment in Central GA
Treatment for ulnar nerve entrapment ranges from conservative methods to surgical intervention, depending on the severity of nerve compression and its associated symptoms. At OrthoGeorgia, our team specializes in providing personalized care to restore function and alleviate discomfort.
Nonsurgical Treatment for Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
Conservative treatments are typically the first line of defense for managing mild to moderate symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome. These may include:
Activity Changes: Avoiding repetitive elbow movements or prolonged elbow positions that worsen symptoms.
Bracing or Splinting: Wearing a padded elbow brace or splint, especially at night, to keep the arm in a neutral position and reduce nerve irritation.
Physical Therapy: Many patients benefit from exercises to strengthen the muscles and improve flexibility while reducing pressure on the ulnar nerve. Techniques to improve posture and alleviate tension in the arm are used.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Medications like ibuprofen or naproxen can reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment Surgery
Surgical intervention may be necessary if nonsurgical methods fail to relieve symptoms or if nerve compression has caused significant weakness or muscle atrophy. Common surgical procedures that address ulnar nerve entrapment include:
Cubital Tunnel Release: The surgeon enlarges the cubital tunnel to relieve pressure on the ulnar nerve. This is usually performed as an outpatient procedure.
Ulnar Nerve Transposition: The nerve is moved to a new location in the arm to prevent compression during elbow movements. This may be subcutaneous (under the skin) or submuscular (under the muscles).
Post-surgery, patients may undergo hand therapy to regain strength and flexibility. Recovery times vary, but most individuals experience symptom relief and improved hand function within weeks. At OrthoGeorgia, our patients have access to occupational therapists and certified hand therapists with a deep understanding of problems affecting the hand, wrist, elbow, and shoulder. You’ll receive a personalized treatment plan designed to restore range of motion, coordination, strength, and ability to perform daily tasks without pain.
Other Hand and Upper Extremity Conditions We Treat at OrthoGeorgia
At OrthoGeorgia, our highly skilled hand specialists provide comprehensive care for a wide range of hand and upper extremity conditions. Having been one of the first subspecialty hand surgery practices in the southeastern United States, we understand that the hands, wrists, and arms play a vital role in daily activities. We are dedicated to helping patients restore function and alleviate discomfort through the diagnosis and treatment of the following conditions and injuries.
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